Ferroli DOMIPROJECT C 32 D [3/9] Domiproject c 32 d
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Ferroli DOMIPROJECT C 32 D [3/9] Domiproject c 32 d

Ferroli DOMIPROJECT C 32 D [3/9] Domiproject c 32 d
DOMIproject C 32 D
42
RU
cod. 3540Z691 - 02/2012 (Rev. 00)
ɉɥɚɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɞɚɬɱɢɤɚ (ɨɩɰɢɹ) ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ
"ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ". ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɞɵ, ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ
ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ, ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɪɭɝɥɨɝɨɞɢɱɧɵɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬ ɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɸ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ. ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ,
ɩɪɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɞɵ, ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ, ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ "ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɢ".
ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ, ɡɚɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɧɨɩɨɤ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɉɨɡ.3 -
ɪɢɫ.1
), ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ
ɜɨɞɵ, ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ. Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɟɟ ɧɚ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ
ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ
ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦɢ ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ. ȼ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɚɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬɚ.
Ʉɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ
ɉɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ 5 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ
"ɋȻɊɈɋ"
(ɩɨɡ. 6 -
ɪɢɫ.1
) ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɜ ɦɟɧɸ
"ɉɥɚɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ"; ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɦɢɝɚɟɬ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "CU".
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ Ƚȼɋ (ɩɨɡ. 1 -
ɪɢɫ.1
) ɞɥɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɧɭɠɧɨɣ
ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɨɬ 1 ɞɨ 10. ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɧɚ 0, ɪɟɠɢɦ
"ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ" ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ.
ɉɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɤɧɨɩɨɤ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɩɨɡ. 3 -
ɪɢɫ.1
) ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɸ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ; ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɦɢɝɚɟɬ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ
"OF". ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ Ƚȼɋ (ɩɨɡ. 1 -
ɪɢɫ.1
) ɞɥɹ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɢɜɵɯ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ (
ɪɢɫ.6
).
ɉɪɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɦ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ 5 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ
"ɋɛɪɨɫ"
(ɩɨɡ 6 -
ɪɢɫ.1
) ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɯɨɞ
ɢɡ ɦɟɧɸ "ɉɥɚɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ".
ȿɫɥɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɢɠɟ ɧɭɠɧɨɣ, ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɧɚɨɛɨɪɨɬ. Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɭɣɬɟ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɹ
ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɹ, ɤɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɷɬɨ ɫɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ
ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ.
ɪɢɫ.6 - ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
A
ȿɫɥɢ ɤ ɤɨɬɥɭ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ
ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ (ɨɩɰɢɹ), ɜɵɲɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦɢ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ.1
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɩɢɬɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ, ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɟ ɩɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɸ
ɜɨɞɨɦɟɪɚ ɤɨɬɥɚ (ɩɨɡ. 2 - ɪɢɫ.7), ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ 1,0 ɛɚɪ. ȿɫɥɢ ɜɨ
ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɭɩɚɞɟɬ ɞɨ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɧɢɠɟ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ
ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɣ, ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɜɟɬɢɬɫɹ ɨɲɢɛɤɚ F37. Ⱦɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɤɪɵɜ ɤɪɚɧ ɩɨɡ. 1 ɪɢɫ.7. ɉɨ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɤɪɚɧ
ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɜɨɞɵ.
ɪɢɫ.7 - Ʉɪɚɧ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɜɨɞɵ
A Ɉɬɤɪɵɬ
B Ɂɚɤɪɵɬ
3. ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ
3.1 ɍɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ
ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ ɂ ɇȺɋɌɊɈɃɄȺ ȽɈɊȿɅɄɂ ȾɈɅɀɇȺ ɈɋɍɓȿɋɌȼɅəɌɖɋə ɌɈɅɖɄɈ
ɋɉȿɐɂȺɅɂɁɂɊɈȼȺɇɇɕɆ ɉȿɊɋɈɇȺɅɈɆ, ɂɆȿɘɓɂɆ ɉɊɈȼȿɊȿɇɇɍɘ ɄȼȺɅɂɎɂɄȺɐɂɘ,
ɉɊɂ ɋɈȻɅɘȾȿɇɂɂ ɉɊɂȼȿȾȿɇɇɕɏ ȼ ɇȺɋɌɈəɓȿɆ ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɈɆ ɊɍɄɈȼɈȾɋɌȼȿ
ɍɄȺɁȺɇɂɃ, ɉɊȿȾɉɂɋȺɇɂɃ ȾȿɃɋɌȼɍɘɓȿȽɈ ɁȺɄɈɇɈȾȺɌȿɅɖɋɌȼȺ, ɉɈɅɈɀȿɇɂɃ
ɆȿɋɌɇɕɏ ɇɈɊɆ ɂ ɉɊȺȼɂɅ, ɂ ȼ ɋɈɈɌȼȿɌɋɌȼɂɂ ɋ ɉɊɂɇəɌɕɆɂ ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɂɆɂ
ɌɊȿȻɈȼȺɇɂəɆɂ.
3.2 Ɇɟɫɬɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɤɨɬɥɚɦ ɫ
"ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ"
. Ɉɧ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ
ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ, ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ.
ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɬɨɤ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ, ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ
ɬɚɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ, ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɫɟɢɜɚɧɢɢ ɜ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɱɪɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɨ ɜɪɟɞɧɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ
ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ.
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɭ EN 297 pr A6, ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ, ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɜɟɬɪɨɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɣ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɜ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɧɟ
ɧɢɠɟ -5°C. Ʉɨɬɟɥ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɩɨɞ ɫɤɚɬɨɦ ɤɪɵɲɢ, ɧɚ ɛɚɥɤɨɧɟ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɭɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɨɬ
ɧɟɩɨɝɨɞɵ ɧɢɲɟ.
ȼ ɥɸɛɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɵɥɶ, ɨɝɧɟɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɢɥɢ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɢɥɢ ɟɞɤɢɟ ɝɚɡɵ.
Ʉɨɬɟɥ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɜɟɫɤɢ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɭ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ ɫ ɩɨɞɜɟɫɧɵɦ
ɤɪɨɧɲɬɟɣɧɨɦ. ɉɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ ɤɪɨɧɲɬɟɣɧ ɤ ɫɬɟɧɟ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ
ɧɚ ɨɛɥɨɠɤɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ, ɢ ɩɨɞɜɟɫɶɬɟ ɧɚ ɧɟɝɨ ɤɨɬɟɥ. ɉɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɚɡɭ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɲɚɛɥɨɧ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɦɟɬɤɢ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɟ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɩɨɞɜɟɫɤɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ. Ʉɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɫɬɟɧɟ
ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ.
A
ȿɫɥɢ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɤɨɦ ɤ ɫɬɟɧɟ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ ɤɨɠɭɯɚ ɢ
ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ.
3.3 Ƚɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
B
ɋɥɢɜɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɨ ɫ ɜɨɪɨɧɤɨɣ
ɢɥɢ ɫɨ ɫɥɢɜɧɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɣ ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɨɥ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ
ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ. ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ
ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɡɚɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɢ
ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ
B
ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ ɤ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ,
ɭɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɦɫɹ ɜɢɞɟ ɝɚɡɚ ɢ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɩɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɜɫɟ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ȼɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɲɬɭɰɟɪɚɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɭ ɧɚ ɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ
ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɦɢ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɟ.
ɉɪɢɦ.:
ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɦ ɛɚɣɩɚɫɨɦ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ.
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ȼɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ 25° Fr (1°F = 10 ɩɩɦ CaCO
3
), ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɚ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɤɢɩɢ ɜ
ɤɨɬɥɟ.
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ, ɠɢɞɤɢɟ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɵ, ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɵ
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɠɢɞɤɢɯ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɨɜ, ɞɨɛɚɜɨɤ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɨɜ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɟɫɥɢ ɢɯ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɞɚɟɬ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɸ, ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɳɭɸ,
ɱɬɨ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɜɢɞɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬ ɜɪɟɞɚ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤɭ
ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɭɸɳɢɦ ɢ/ɢɥɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɠɢɞɤɢɟ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɵ, ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɵ, ɧɟ
ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɯ ɢ ɧɟɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɵɟ ɫ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ.
ȼɟɬɪɨɡɚɳɢɬɧɚɹ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɫɧɚɪɭɠɢ (ɨɩɰɢɹ)
ȿɫɥɢ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɧɚɪɭɠɢ ɜ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ, ɩɨ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ
ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɬɪɭɛ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɜɟɬɪɨɡɚɳɢɬɧɭɸ
ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɩɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ.
3.4 ɉɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɝɚɡɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɭ
Ƚɚɡɨɜɭɸ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɤ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɧɚ ɨɛɥɨɠɤɟ) ɩɪɢ
ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ, ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɣ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɢɥɢ ɛɟɫɲɨɜɧɨɝɨ
ɝɢɛɤɨɝɨ ɲɥɚɧɝɚ ɢɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ. Ɇɟɠɞɭ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶɸ ɢ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ
ɝɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɶ. ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɫɟɯ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ.
3.5 ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
B
Ⱥɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɤ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ. ɗɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ
ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɟɧɵ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ. ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ
ɭɳɟɪɛ, ɦɨɝɭɳɢɣ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ.
ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɬɥɟ ɭɠɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ, ɨɧ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɫɟɬɟɜɵɦ ɲɧɭɪɨɦ ɬɢɩɚ "Y" ɛɟɡ ɜɢɥɤɢ. ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ, ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɭɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɵɦ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɫ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 3 ɦɦ. ɇɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɢ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɩɥɚɜɤɢɟ
ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɧɚ ɫɢɥɭ ɬɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 3 A. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ
ɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɫɨɛɥɸɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɶ (ɎȺɁȺ: ɤɨɪɢɱɧɟɜɵɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞ / ɇȿɃɌɊȺɅɖ: ɫɢɧɢɣ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞ / ɁȿɆɅə: ɠɟɥɬɨ-ɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞ.
B
ɉɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɸ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɡɚɦɟɧɭ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ. ȼ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ
ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ. ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ
ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɬɢɩɚ
“HAR H05 VV-F”
3x0,75 ɦɦ2 ɫ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɵɦ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɧɟ
ɛɨɥɟɟ 8 ɦɦ.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɟɧɸ ɉɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ
ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
ɝɨɪɹɱɟɝɨ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ (Ƚȼɋ)
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɟɧɸ ɉɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ
ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ.
ɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ "Ʌɟɬɨ"/
"Ɂɢɦɚ"
Ɋɟɠɢɦ "Ʌɟɬɨ" ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɨɦ ɧɚɞ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ ɧɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ
ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɢɬɶ ɨɬ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ.
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ "ɗɄɈɇɈɆɂɑɇɕɃ"/
"ɄɈɆɎɈɊɌ"
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ.
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
85
20 10 0 -10 -20
1
2
3
4
5
6
8910
7
20 10 0 -10 -20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
85
1
2
3
4
568910 7
OFFSET = 20 OFFSET = 40
A
B
2
1

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