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Moxa ICS-G7852-4XG-HV-HV — understanding STP, RSTP, and MSTP for Network Reliability [27/36]
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Communication Redundancy STP/RSTP/MSTP
4-2
The STP/RSTP/MSTP Concept
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) was designed to help reduce link failures on a network, and provide provide an
automatic means of avoiding loops. This is particularly important for networks that have a complicated
architecture, since unintended loops in the network can cause broadcast storms. Moxa switches’ STP feature is
disabled by default. To be completely effective, you must enable RSTP/STP on every Moxa switch connected to
your network.
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) implements the Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol defined by IEEE
802.1D-2004. RSTP provides the following benefits:
• The topology of a bridged network will be determined much more quickly compared to STP.
• RSTP is backward compatible with STP, making it relatively easy to deploy. For example:
Defaults to sending 802.1D style BPDUs if packets with this format are received.
STP (802.1D) and RSTP (802.1w) can operate on different ports of the same switch, which is particularly
helpful when switch ports connect to older equipment such as legacy switches.
You get essentially the same functionality with RSTP and STP. To see how the two systems differ, see the
Differences between STP, RSTP, and MSTP section in this chapter.
NOTE
The STP protocol is part of the IEEE Std 802.1D, 2004 Edition bridge specification. The following explanation
uses “bridge” instead of “switch.”
What is STP?
STP (802.1D) is a bridge-based system that is used to implement parallel paths for network traffic. STP uses a
loop-detection process to:
• Locate and then disable less efficient paths (i.e., paths that have a lower bandwidth).
• Enable one of the less efficient paths if a more efficient path fails.
The figure below shows a network made up of three LANs separated by three bridges. Each segment uses at
most two paths to communicate with the other segments. Since this configuration can give rise to loops, the
network will overload if STP is NOT enabled.
If STP is enabled, it will detect duplicate paths and prevent, or block, one of the paths from forwarding traffic.
In the following example, STP determined that traffic from LAN segment 2 to LAN segment 1 should flow
through bridges C and A since this path has a greater bandwidth and is therefore more efficient.
Bridge B
Bridge C
LAN 1
LAN 2
LAN 3
Bridge A
Содержание
- User s manual p.1
- Communication redundancy p.1
- Www moxa com product p.1
- Fourth edition march 2015 p.1
- Trademarks p.2
- Technical support contact information p.2
- Disclaimer p.2
- Copyright notice p.2
- Communication redundancy p.2
- Www moxa com support p.2
- User s manual p.2
- Table of contents p.3
- Redundancy p.4
- Introduction to communication p.4
- Gigabit ethernet redundant ring capability 50 ms p.5
- Communication redundancy introduction to communication redundancy p.5
- Turbo ring p.6
- When the number of switches in the turbo ring is even p.7
- The turbo ring concept p.7
- Setting up turbo ring or turbo ring v2 p.7
- Determining the redundant path of a turbo ring ring p.7
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.7
- Determining the redundant path of a turbo ring v2 ring p.8
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.8
- Attention p.8
- When the number of switches in the turbo ring is odd p.8
- Ring coupling configuration p.8
- Ring coupling for a turbo ring v2 ring p.9
- Ring coupling for a turbo ring ring p.9
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.9
- Attention p.9
- Turbo ring v2 p.10
- Dynamic ring coupling drc configuration applies only to p.10
- Dual ring for a turbo ring v2 ring p.11
- Dual ring configuration applies only to turbo ring v2 p.11
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.11
- Attention p.11
- Dual homing configuration applies only to turbo ring v2 p.12
- Configuring turbo ring and turbo ring v2 p.12
- Configuring turbo ring p.12
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.12
- Explanation of settings items p.13
- Explanation of current status items p.13
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.13
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.14
- Explanation of current status items p.15
- Configuring turbo ring v2 p.15
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.15
- Explanation of settings items p.16
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.16
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.17
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.18
- Explanation of ring status items p.19
- Configuring turbo ring v2 with dynamic ring coupling p.19
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.19
- Explanation of drc status items p.20
- Communication redundancy turbo ring p.20
- Explanation of ring settings items p.20
- Turbo chain p.21
- The turbo chain concept p.22
- Setting up turbo chain p.22
- Communication redundancy turbo chain p.22
- Tail switch configuration p.23
- Member switch configuration p.23
- Head switch configuration p.23
- Explanation of current status items p.23
- Configuring turbo chain p.23
- Communication redundancy turbo chain p.23
- Explanation of settings items p.24
- Communication redundancy turbo chain p.24
- Communication redundancy turbo chain p.25
- Stp rstp mstp p.26
- Communication redundancy stp rstp mstp p.27
- What is stp p.27
- The stp rstp mstp concept p.27
- Stp requirements p.28
- How stp works p.28
- Communication redundancy stp rstp mstp p.28
- Stp reconfiguration p.29
- Stp configuration p.29
- Stp calculation p.29
- Differences between stp rstp and mstp p.29
- Communication redundancy stp rstp mstp p.29
- Stp example p.30
- Communication redundancy stp rstp mstp p.30
- Using stp on a network with multiple vlans p.31
- Configuring stp rstp p.31
- Communication redundancy stp rstp mstp p.31
- Communication redundancy stp rstp mstp p.32
- Configuring mstp p.33
- Communication redundancy stp rstp mstp p.33
- Communication redundancy stp rstp mstp p.34
- Communication redundancy stp rstp mstp p.35
- Configuration limits of stp rstp p.36
- Communication redundancy stp rstp mstp p.36
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Explore the concepts of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), Rapid STP (RSTP), and Multiple STP (MSTP) to enhance network reliability and prevent loops effectively.