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Lowara FC E4 100-160/15/P [29/132] General operating principles of the hydrova
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29
GENERAL OPERATING
PRINCIPLES OF THE
HYDROVAR
®
SYSTEM
The basic function of the HYDROVAR
®
device is to
control the pump to meet the system demands.
For the FC and FCT series electric pumps, typical
operation consists in system regulation based on the
characteristic curve (B).
HYDROVAR
®
performs these functions by:
1) Measuring the system pressure or flow via a
transmitter mounted on the pump’s delivery side.
2) Calculating the motor speed to maintain the correct
flow or pressure.
3) Sending out a signal to the pump to start the motor,
increase speed, decrease speed or stop.
4) In the case of multiple pump installations,
HYDROVAR
®
will automatically provide for the cyclic
changeover of the pumps’ starting sequence
In addition to these basic functions, HYDROVAR
®
can do
things only by the most advanced computerised control
systems, such as:
• Stop the pump(s) at zero demand.
• Stop the pump(s) in case of water failure on the
suction side (protection against dry running).
• Stop the pump if the required delivery exceeds the
pump’s capacity (protection against cavitation caused
by excessive demand), or automatically switch on the
next pump in a multiple series.
• Protect the pump and motor from overvoltage,
undervoltage, overload and earth fault.
• Vary the pump speed acceleration and deceleration
time.
• Compensate for increased flow resistance at high flow
rates.
• Conduct automatic test starts at set intervals.
• Monitor the converter and motor operating hours.
• Display all functions on an LCD in different languages
(Italian, English, French, German, Spanish, Portuguese,
Dutch).
• Send a signal to a remote control system which is
proportional to the pressure and frequency.
• Communicate with another HYDROVAR or control
system via an RS 485 interface.
Control for constant pressure
Control to match a system curve
Control for constant flow
Control according to an external signal
A
B
C
D
Содержание
- Fc fct series 1
- Hz 50 hz 50 hz 50 hz 50 hz 1
- In line electric pumps single and twin equipped with ie2 ie3 motors complying with regulation ec no 640 2009 1
- Applica applica applica applica applications tions tions tions tions 5
- Arket sectors arket sectors arket sectors arket sectors arket sectors 5
- Civil industrial 5
- Fc series fc series fc series fc series fc series 5
- Handling of water and clean chemically non aggressive liquids 5
- In line in line in line in line in line electric electric electric electric electric pumps pumps pumps pumps pumps 5
- Irrigation 5
- M m m m 5
- Specifica specifica specifica specifica specifications tions tions tions tions pump 5
- Water circulation in heating and air conditioning systems 5
- Water supply 5
- Applica applica applica applica applications tions tions tions tions 7
- Arket sectors arket sectors arket sectors arket sectors arket sectors 7
- Civil industrial 7
- Fct series fct series fct series fct series fct series 7
- Handling of water and clean chemically non aggressive liquids 7
- In line twin in line twin in line twin in line twin in line twin electric electric electric electric electric pumps pumps pumps pumps pumps 7
- Irrigation 7
- M m m m 7
- Specifica specifica specifica specifica specifications tions tions tions tions 7
- Water circulation in heating and air conditioning systems 7
- Water supply 7
- Denominazione modelli serie fce fce4 10
- Fce fce4 series fce fce4 series fce fce4 series fce fce4 series fce fce4 series list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and table of ma able of ma able of ma able of ma able of materials terials terials terials terials 10
- Materiali fce fce4 10
- Denominazione modell serie fce4 con motore mec 71 b5 11
- Fce4 series fce4 series fce4 series fce4 series fce4 series list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and table of ma able of ma able of ma able of ma able of materials terials terials terials terials 11
- Materiali fce4 11
- Denominazione modelli serie fcs fcs4 12
- Fc fc fc fc fcs fc s fc s fc s fc s fcs4 series s4 series s4 series s4 series s4 series list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and table of ma able of ma able of ma able of ma able of materials terials terials terials terials 12
- Materiali fcs fcs4 40 100 12
- Denominazione modelli serie fcs4 13
- Fc fc fc fc fcs4 series s4 series s4 series s4 series s4 series list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and table of ma able of ma able of ma able of ma able of materials terials terials terials terials 13
- Materiali fcs4 125 150 13
- Denominazione modelli serie fcte fcte4 14
- Fcte fcte4 series fcte fcte4 series fcte fcte4 series fcte fcte4 series fcte fcte4 series list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and table of ma able of ma able of ma able of ma able of materials terials terials terials terials 14
- Materiali fcte fcte4 14
- Denominazione modell serie fcte4 con motor mec 71 b5 15
- Fcte4 series fcte4 series fcte4 series fcte4 series fcte4 series list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and table of ma able of ma able of ma able of ma able of materials terials terials terials terials 15
- Materiali fcte4 15
- Denominazione modelli serie fcts fcts4 16
- Fcts fcts4 series fcts fcts4 series fcts fcts4 series fcts fcts4 series fcts fcts4 series list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and table of ma able of ma able of ma able of ma able of materials terials terials terials terials 16
- Materiali fcts fcts4 40 100 16
- Denominazione modelli serie fcts4 17
- Fcts4 series fcts4 series fcts4 series fcts4 series fcts4 series list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and t list of models and table of ma able of ma able of ma able of ma able of materials terials terials terials terials 17
- Materiali fcts4 125 150 17
- List of fc series models 50 hz list of fc series models 50 hz list of fc series models 50 hz list of fc series models 50 hz list of fc series models 50 hz fc fct 2 poles fc fct fc fct 2 poles fc fct fc fct 2 poles fc fct fc fct 2 poles fc fct fc fct 2 poles fc fct 4 poles 4 poles 4 poles 4 poles 4 poles 19
- Enclosed short circuit squirrel cage motor tefc with external ventilation electrical performances according to en 60034 1 insulation class 155 f ip55 protection condensate drain plugs on standard version cooling by fan according to en 60034 6 cable gland metric size according to en 50262 standard voltage 20
- Motori monofase per serie fhe 50 hz 2 poli 20
- Motors for fc motors for fc motors for fc motors for fc motors for fc fct series fct series fct series fct series fct series 20
- Serie fce fcte serie fce fcte serie fce fcte serie fce fcte serie fce fcte motori monof motori monof motori monof motori monof motori monofase a 50 hz 2 poli ase a 50 hz 2 poli ase a 50 hz 2 poli ase a 50 hz 2 poli ase a 50 hz 2 poli 20
- Single phase version 220 240 v 50 hz with incorporated automatic reset overload protection up to 1 5 kw 20
- Standard supplied ie2 ie3 three phase surface motors standard supplied ie2 ie3 three phase surface motors standard supplied ie2 ie3 three phase surface motors standard supplied ie2 ie3 three phase surface motors standard supplied ie2 ie3 three phase surface motors 0 75 kw are compliant with 0 75 kw are compliant with 0 75 kw are compliant with 0 75 kw are compliant with 0 75 kw are compliant with regulation ec no 640 2009 and iec 60034 30 regulation ec no 640 2009 and iec 60034 30 regulation ec no 640 2009 and iec 60034 30 regulation ec no 640 2009 and iec 60034 30 regulation ec no 640 2009 and iec 60034 30 20
- Three phase version 220 240 380 415 v 50 hz for powers up to 3 kw 380 415 660 690 v 50 hz for powers above 3 kw overload protection to be provided by the user 20
- Fce fcte series fce fcte series fce fcte series fce fcte series fce fcte series three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors at 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles 21
- Motori trifase per serie fce fcte 50 hz 2 poli 21
- Fc fc fc fc fcs fcts series s fcts series s fcts series s fcts series s fcts series three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors at 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles 22
- Motori trifase per serie fcs fcts 50 hz 2 poli 22
- Fce4 fcte4 series fce4 fcte4 series fce4 fcte4 series fce4 fcte4 series fce4 fcte4 series three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors at 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles 23
- Motori trifase per serie fce4 fcte4 50 hz 4 poli 23
- Fc fc fc fc fcs4 fcts4 series s4 fcts4 series s4 fcts4 series s4 fcts4 series s4 fcts4 series three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors a three phase motors at 50 hz 4 poles up to 15 kw t 50 hz 4 poles up to 15 kw t 50 hz 4 poles up to 15 kw t 50 hz 4 poles up to 15 kw t 50 hz 4 poles up to 15 kw 24
- Motori trifase per serie fcs4 fcts4 50 hz 4 poli fino a 15 kw 24
- 1000 15 40 25
- 3 91 5 25
- 30 35 10 34 70 20 90 20 35 1460 1470 23 48 1460 1465 no 41 80 40 50 39 90 24 70 25
- 5 180 22 180 25
- 7 91 1 92 4 91 8 92 4 25
- 8 91 8 92 5 25
- 80 2 90 25
- 83 6 60 121 0 w22 180l4 b5 22kw 143 0 2 60 25
- 85 6 80 25
- 9 91 7 92 4 91 2 92 2 92 5 25
- Motori trifase per serie fcs4 fcts4 50 hz 4 poli da 18 5 fino a 22 kw 25
- See note 25
- Serie fc serie fc serie fc serie fc serie fcs4 fcts4 s4 fcts4 s4 fcts4 s4 fcts4 s4 fcts4 motori trif motori trif motori trif motori trif motori trifase a 50 hz 4 poli da 18 5 a 22 kw ase a 50 hz 4 poli da 18 5 a 22 kw ase a 50 hz 4 poli da 18 5 a 22 kw ase a 50 hz 4 poli da 18 5 a 22 kw ase a 50 hz 4 poli da 18 5 a 22 kw 25
- W22 180m4 b5 18 kw 25
- Fce fc fce fc fce fc fce fc fce fcs fcte fcts s fcte fcts s fcte fcts s fcte fcts s fcte fcts motors motors motors motors motors 50 hz 2 pole 50 hz 2 pole 50 hz 2 pole 50 hz 2 pole 50 hz 2 pole 26
- Fce4 fc fce4 fc fce4 fc fce4 fc fce4 fcs4 fcte4 fcts4 s4 fcte4 fcts4 s4 fcte4 fcts4 s4 fcte4 fcts4 s4 fcte4 fcts4 motors motors motors motors motors 50 hz 4 pole 50 hz 4 pole 50 hz 4 pole 50 hz 4 pole 50 hz 4 pole 26
- Motor noise motor noise motor noise motor noise motor noise 26
- Rumorosita motori fce fcs rumorosita motori fce4 fcs4 fcte fcts 2poli 50hz fcte4 fcts4 4poli 50hz 26
- The tables below show the mean sound pressure levels lp measured at 1 meter s distance in a free field according to the a curve iso 1680 standard the noise values are measured with idling 50 hz motor with a tolerance of 3 db a 26
- A aa aav vv vvailable v ailable v ailable v ailable v ailable vol ol ol ol oltttttages ages ages ages ages motors for fc motors for fc motors for fc motors for fc motors for fc fct series up to 22 kw fct series up to 22 kw fct series up to 22 kw fct series up to 22 kw fct series up to 22 kw 27
- And and and and and hydro hydro hydro hydro hydrov vv vvar ar ar ar a 28
- Fch fcth series electric pumps with hydro fch fcth series electric pumps with hydro fch fcth series electric pumps with hydro fch fcth series electric pumps with hydro fch fcth series electric pumps with hydrov vv vvar ar ar ar a 28
- Sensorles sensorles sensorles sensorles sensorless control system s control system s control system s control system s control system 28
- General operating principles of the hydrova 29
- System 29
- Fce fc fce fc fce fc fce fc fce fcs series s series s series s series s series hydra hydra hydra hydra hydraulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance table a able a able a able a able at 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles 31
- Fce fcs series hydraulic performance table at 50hz 2 poles 31
- Fce4 fc fce4 fc fce4 fc fce4 fc fce4 fcs4 series s4 series s4 series s4 series s4 series hydra hydra hydra hydra hydraulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance table a able a able a able a able at 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles 33
- Fce4 fcs4 series hydraulic performance table at 50hz 4 poles 33
- Fc fc fc fc fcs4 series s4 series s4 series s4 series s4 series hydra hydra hydra hydra hydraulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance table a able a able a able a able at 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles 35
- Fcs4 series hydraulic performance table at 50hz 4 poles 35
- Fcte fcts series single opera fcte fcts series single opera fcte fcts series single opera fcte fcts series single opera fcte fcts series single operation tion tion tion tion hydra hydra hydra hydra hydraulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance table a able a able a able a able at 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles 63
- Tabella di prestazioni idrauliche serie fcte fcts 2 poli 50 hz 63
- Fcte fcts series p fcte fcts series p fcte fcts series p fcte fcts series p fcte fcts series parallel opera arallel opera arallel opera arallel opera arallel operation tion tion tion tion hydra hydra hydra hydra hydraulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance table a able a able a able a able at 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles t 50 hz 2 poles 65
- Parallel 65
- Tabella di prestazioni idrauliche serie fcte fcts 2 poli 50 hz 65
- Fcte4 fcts4 series single opera fcte4 fcts4 series single opera fcte4 fcts4 series single opera fcte4 fcts4 series single opera fcte4 fcts4 series single operation tion tion tion tion hydra hydra hydra hydra hydraulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance table a able a able a able a able at 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles 67
- Tabella di prestazioni idrauliche serie fcte4 fcts4 4 poli 50 hz 67
- Fcte4 fcts4 series p fcte4 fcts4 series p fcte4 fcts4 series p fcte4 fcts4 series p fcte4 fcts4 series parallel opera arallel opera arallel opera arallel opera arallel operation tion tion tion tion hydra hydra hydra hydra hydraulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance table a able a able a able a able at 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles 69
- Parallel 69
- Tabella di prestazioni idrauliche serie fcte4 fcts4 4 poli 50 hz 69
- Fcts4 series p fcts4 series p fcts4 series p fcts4 series p fcts4 series parallel opera arallel opera arallel opera arallel opera arallel operation tion tion tion tion hydra hydra hydra hydra hydraulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance table a able a able a able a able at 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles 71
- Fcts4 series parallel operation hydraulic performance table at 50hz 4 poles 71
- Fcts4 series single opera fcts4 series single opera fcts4 series single opera fcts4 series single opera fcts4 series single operation tion tion tion tion hydra hydra hydra hydra hydraulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance t ulic performance table a able a able a able a able at 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles t 50 hz 4 poles 71
- Fcts4 series single operation hydraulic performance table at 50hz 4 poles 71
- Dimensioni e pesi serie fce 2 poli 50 hz 99
- Fce series fce series fce series fce series fce series dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights at 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz 99
- Dimensioni e pesi serie fce4 4 poli 50 hz 101
- Fce4 series fce4 series fce4 series fce4 series fce4 series dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights at 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz 101
- Dimensioni e pesi serie fcs 2 poli 50 hz 103
- Fc fc fc fc fcs series s series s series s series s series dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights at 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz 103
- Dimensioni e pesi serie fcs4 4 poli 50 hz 105
- Fc fc fc fc fcs4 series s4 series s4 series s4 series s4 series dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights at 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz 105
- Dimensioni e pesi serie fcs4 125 150 4 poli 50 hz 107
- Fc fc fc fc fcs4 125 150 series s4 125 150 series s4 125 150 series s4 125 150 series s4 125 150 series dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights at 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz 107
- Dimensioni e pesi serie fcte 2 poli 50 hz 109
- Fcte series fcte series fcte series fcte series fcte series dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights at 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz 109
- Dimensioni e pesi serie fcte4 4 poli 50 hz 111
- Fcte4 series fcte4 series fcte4 series fcte4 series fcte4 series dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights at 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz 111
- Dimensioni e pesi serie fcts 2 poli 50 hz 113
- Fcts series fcts series fcts series fcts series fcts series dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights at 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz 113
- Dimensioni e pesi serie fcts4 4 poli 50 hz 115
- Fcts4 series fcts4 series fcts4 series fcts4 series fcts4 series dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights at 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz 115
- Dimensioni e pesi serie fcts4 125 150 4 poli 50 hz 117
- Fcts4 125 150 series fcts4 125 150 series fcts4 125 150 series fcts4 125 150 series fcts4 125 150 series dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights a dimensions and weights at 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz t 50 hz 117
- Acces acces acces acces accessories sories sories sories sories 119
- Dimensioni controflange tonde 119
- Fc fc fc fc fc fct series fct series fct series fct series fct series round threaded counterflanges according to en 1092 1 round threaded counterflanges according to en 1092 1 round threaded counterflanges according to en 1092 1 round threaded counterflanges according to en 1092 1 round threaded counterflanges according to en 1092 1 119
- Fc fc fc fc fc fct series fct series fct series fct series fct series round weld counterflanges according to en 1092 1 round weld counterflanges according to en 1092 1 round weld counterflanges according to en 1092 1 round weld counterflanges according to en 1092 1 round weld counterflanges according to en 1092 1 119
- Fct series fct series fct series fct series fct series blind flange kit blind flange kit blind flange kit blind flange kit blind flange kit 119
- Acces acces acces acces accessories sories sories sories sories 120
- Fc 125 150 series fc 125 150 series fc 125 150 series fc 125 150 series fc 125 150 series mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit 120
- Fc 40 100 series fc 40 100 series fc 40 100 series fc 40 100 series fc 40 100 series mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit 120
- Fc series fc series fc series fc series fc series mounting base mounting base mounting base mounting base mounting base 120
- Piede di appoggio 120
- Dimensioni staffe serie fc 121
- Fc 40 100 series fc 40 100 series fc 40 100 series fc 40 100 series fc 40 100 series support kit support kit support kit support kit support kit 121
- Fc series fc series fc series fc series fc series brackets brackets brackets brackets brackets 121
- Acces acces acces acces accessories sories sories sories sories 122
- Elettropompe serie fcte fcts fcte4 fcts4 piede di appoggio 122
- Elettropompe serie fcts4 piede di appoggio 122
- Fct 125 150 series fct 125 150 series fct 125 150 series fct 125 150 series fct 125 150 series mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit 122
- Fct 40 100 series fct 40 100 series fct 40 100 series fct 40 100 series fct 40 100 series mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit mounting base kit 122
- Typical applica typical applica typical applica typical applica typical applications of fc fct series electric pumps tions of fc fct series electric pumps tions of fc fct series electric pumps tions of fc fct series electric pumps tions of fc fct series electric pumps 124
- Npsh npsh npsh npsh npsh 125
- Technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix 125
- Technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix 126
- Technical appendix vapour pressure ps vapour pressure and ρ density of water table 126
- Flow rate nominal diameter in mm and inches 127
- H l min 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 1 2 3 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 127
- Hr flow resistance for 100m of straight pipeline m v water speed m s 127
- Table of flow resistance in 100 m of straight cast iron pipeline hazen williams formula c 100 127
- Technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix 127
- Flow resistance 128
- Table of flow resistance in bends valves and gates 128
- Technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix 128
- The flow resistance is calculated using the equivalent pipeline length method according to the table below 128
- The table is valid for the hazen williams coefficient c 100 cast iron pipework for steel pipework multiply the values by 1 1 for stainless steel copper and coated cast iron pipework multiply the values by 1 5 when the equivalent pipeline length has been determined the flow resistance is obtained from the table of flow resistance the values given are guideline values which are bound to vary slightly according to the model especially for gate valves and non return valves for which it is a good idea to check the values supplied by the manufacturers 128
- Leng leng leng leng length th th th th 129
- Length 129
- Pres pres pres pres pressure and head sure and head sure and head sure and head sure and head 129
- Pressure and head 129
- Technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix 129
- V vv vvol ol ol ol olume ume ume ume ume 129
- V vv vvol ol ol ol olumetric cap umetric cap umetric cap umetric cap umetric capacity acity acity acity acity 129
- Volume 129
- Volumetric capacity 129
- Further product selection and document further product selection and document further product selection and document further product selection and document further product selection and documenta aa aation tion tion tion tion 130
- Technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix technical appendix 130
- Xylect xylect xylect xylect xylect 130
- Enntech 131
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