Moxa DA-662A-I-16-LX [22/63] Managing embedded linux

3. Managing Embedded Linux

This chapter includes information about version control, deployment, updates, and peripherals. The

information in this chapter will be particularly useful when you need to run the same application on several

DA-662A series units.

The following topics are covered in this chapter:

 System Version Information

 Upgrading the Firmware

 Loading Factory Defaults

 Enabling and Disabling Daemons

 Setting the Run-level

 Adjusting the System Time

 Setting the Time Manually

 NTP Client

 Updating the Time Automatically

 Cron—Daemon for Executing Scheduled Commands

 Connecting Peripherals

 USB Mass Storage

 CF Mass Storage

Содержание

Da 662a series software user s manual 1
First edition august 2015 1
Www moxa com product 1
Copyright notice 2
Da 662a series software user s manual 2
Disclaimer 2
Technical support contact information 2
Trademarks 2
Www moxa com support 2
Table of contents 3
Introduction 5
Da 662a series software introduction 6
Overview 6
Software architecture 6
Da 662a series software introduction 7
Journaling flash file system jffs2 7
Da 662a series software introduction 8
Software package 8
Getting started 9
Connecting the da 662a series to a pc 10
Da 662a series software getting started 10
Login root password root 10
Powering on the da 662a series 10
Serial console 10
Attention 11
Da 662a series software getting started 11
Login root password root 11
Telnet console 11
Configuring the ethernet interface 12
Da 662a series software getting started 12
Linux users 12
Root moxa ssh 192 68 27 the authenticity of host 192 68 27 192 68 27 can t be established rsa key fingerprint is 8b ee ff 84 41 25 fc cd 2a f2 92 8f cb 1f 6b 2f are you sure you want to continue connection yes no yes_ 12
Ssh 192 68 27 12
Ssh console 12
Windows users 12
Da 662a series software getting started 13
Modifying network settings with the serial console 13
Root moxa cd etc network root moxa etc network 13
We always want the loopback interface auto eth0 eth1 eth2 eth3 eth4 lo iface lo inet loopback embedded ethernet lan1 iface eth0 inet static address 192 68 27 network 192 68 netmask 255 55 55 broadcast 192 68 55 embedded ethernet lan2 iface eth1 inet static address 192 68 27 network 192 68 netmask 255 55 55 broadcast 192 68 55 embedded ethernet lan3 iface eth2 inet static address 192 68 27 network 192 68 13
Auto eth0 eth1 lo iface lo inet loopback iface eth0 inet dhcp iface eth1 inet dhcp 14
Da 662a series software getting started 14
Etc init d networking restart 14
Modifying network settings over the network 14
Root moxa ifconfig eth0 192 68 root moxa etc network 14
Test program developing hello c 14
Cd example hello make 15
Cd tmp mkdir example cp r mnt cdrom example tmp example 15
Checking the flash memory space 15
Compiling hello c 15
Da 662a series software getting started 15
Export path usr local arm linux 4 v4 bin path 15
Installing the tool chain linux 15
Mount dev cdrom mnt cdrom mnt cdrom toolchain arm linux_4 vx x x_build_yymmddhh sh 15
Root moxa df h filesystem size used available use mounted on dev root 12 m 9 m 2 m 77 devtmpfs 61 m 0 61 m 0 dev dev ram0 1003 k 22 k 930 k 2 var dev cfa1 1 g 1021 m 509 m 67 var cf dev mtdblock3 16 m 860 k 15 m 5 tmp dev mtdblock3 16 m 860 k 15 m 5 home dev mtdblock3 16 m 860 k 15 m 5 etc root moxa 15
Chmod x hello release hello release 16
Da 662a series software getting started 16
Developing your first application 16
Ftp 192 68 27 16
Put hello release 16
Root localhost hello make prefix arm none linux gnueabi arm none linux gnueabi gcc o hello release hello c arm none linux gnueabi strip s hello release arm none linux gnueabi gcc ggdb o hello debug hello c root localhost hello _ 16
Root moxa hello release hello 16
Uploading and running the hello program 16
Compiling tcps2 c 17
Da 662a series software getting started 17
Mount dev cdrom mnt cdrom cp mnt cdrom example tcpserver2 tcps2 c home 1st_application tcps2 c cp mnt cdrom example tcpserver2 tcpsp c home 1st_application tcpsp c cp mnt cdrom example tcpserver2 makefile c home 1st_application makefile c 17
Root server11 1st_application pwd home da661 662663 1st_application root server11 1st_application 11 total 20 rw r r 1 root root 514 nov 27 11 52 makefile rw r r 1 root root 4554 nov 27 11 52 tcps2 c rw r r 1 root root 6164 nov 27 11 55 tcps2 c root server11 1st_application make_ arm none linux gnueabi gcc o tcps2 release tcps2 c arm none linux gnueabi strip s tcps2 release arm none linux gnueabi gcc o tcpsp release tcpsp c arm none linux gnueabi strip s tcpsp release arm none linux gnueabi gcc ggdb o tcps2 debug tcps2 c 17
Root server11 home 1st_application 17
Testing environment 17
Uploading and running the tcps2 release program 18
Da 662a series software getting started 20
Root 4044 s usr sbin snmpd s l dev null 106 root 2832 s usr sbin snmptrapd s 135 root 1364 s sbin cardmgr 139 root 1756 s usr sbin rpc nfsd 141 root 1780 s usr sbin rpc mountd 148 root 2960 s usr sbin sshd 156 root 1272 s bin reportip 157 root 1532 s sbin getty 115200 ttys0 158 root 1532 s sbin getty 115200 ttys1 162 root 3652 s usr sbin sshd 163 root 2208 s bash 169 root 2192 s ftpd 192 68 10 root idle 187 root 1264 s tcps2 release 188 root 1592 s ps root moxa 20
Tcps2 release 20
Telnet 192 68 27 400 20
Testing procedure summary 20
Da 662a series software getting started 21
Managing embedded linux 22
Attention 23
System version information 23
Upgrading the firmware 23
68 27 putty 25
Da 662a series software managing embedded linux 25
Enabling and disabling daemons 25
Loading factory defaults 25
Mtd device dev mtd0 erase 128 kibyte 60000 100 complete wait to write file completed 100 now upgrade the file kernel format mtd device dev mtd1 mtd device dev mtd1 erase 128 kibyte 1a0000 100 complete wait to write file completed 100 now upgrade the file root file system format mtd device dev mtd2 mtd device dev mtd2 erase 128 kibyte e00000 100 complete wait to write file completed 100 now upgrade the file directory format mtd device dev mtd5 mtd device dev mtd5 erase 128 kibyte 20000 100 complete wait to write file completed 100 now upgrade the new configuration file upgrade the firmware is ok rebooting 25
Root moxa cd etc root moxa ps pid user vsz stat command 1 root 1632 s init 3 2 root 0 sw kthreadd 3 root 0 sw ksoftirqd 0 5 root 0 sw kworker u 0 6 root 0 sw rcu_kthread 7 root 0 sw khelper 155 root 0 sw sync_supers 157 root 0 sw bdi default 158 root 0 sw kintegrityd 160 root 0 sw kblockd 25
68 27 putty 27
Bin sh add you want to run daemon root tcps2 release 27
Da 662a series software managing embedded linux 27
68 27 putty 28
Cd etc rc d init d 28
Cd etc rc d rc3 d ln s etc rc d init d tcps2 s60tcps2 28
Da 662a series software managing embedded linux 28
Rm f etc rc d rc3 d s60tcps2 28
Root moxa ect rc d rc3 d ls s20snmpd s55ssh s99showreadyled 28
Root moxa etc rc d rc3 d 28
S25nfs server s99rmnologin root moxa ect rc d rc3 d ln s root tcps2 release s60tcps2 root moxa ect rc d rc3 d ls s20snmpd s55ssh s99showreadyled 28
S25nfs server s99rmnologin root moxa etc rc d rc3 d 28
S25nfs server s99rmnologin s60tcps2 28
Setting the run level 28
68 27 putty 29
Adjusting the system time 29
Da 662a series software managing embedded linux 29
Date mmddhhmmyyyy 29
Hwclock 29
Hwclock w 29
Root moxa date fri jun 23 23 30 31 cst 2000 root moxa hwclock fri jun 23 23 30 35 2000 0 57748 seconds root moxa date 070910002006 sun jul 9 10 00 00 cst 2006 root moxa hwclock w root moxa date hwclock sun jul 9 10 01 07 cst 2006 sun jul 9 10 01 08 2006 0 33547 seconds root moxa 29
Setting the time manually 29
Ntp client 30
Updating the time automatically 30
8 root home fixtime sh 31
Bin sh ntpdate time nist gov hwclock systohc exit 0 31
Chmod 755 fixtime sh 31
Cron daemon for executing scheduled commands 31
Da 662a series software managing embedded linux 31
Etc init d cron start 31
How to use cron to update the system time and rtc time every day at 8 00 31
Attention 32
Cf mass storage 32
Connecting peripherals 32
Da 662a series software managing embedded linux 32
Usb mass storage 32
Managing communications 33
3 00 putty 34
Cd etc rc d rc3 d ln s etc rc d init d pure ftpd s99pure ftpd 34
Da 662a series software managing communications 34
Disabling the ftp server 34
Discard dgram udp wait root bin discard discard stream tcp nowait root bin discard ftp stream tcp6 nowait root sbin pure ftpd h g var run ftpd pid telnet stream tcp6 nowait root bin telnetd 34
Enabling the ftp server 34
Etc hosts 34
Etc resolv conf 34
Nameserver 168 5 34
Rm f etc rc d rc3 d s99pure ftpd 34
Root moxa etc cat resolv conf resolv conf this file is the resolver configuration file see resolver 5 nameserver 192 68 6 nameserver 168 5 34
Telnet ftp 34
68 27 putty 35
Da 662a series software managing communications 35
Etc nsswitch conf 35
Home httpd cgi bin 35
Home httpd html 35
Nameserver 140 15 1 nameserver 140 15 36 0 root moxa etc 35
Root moxa home httpd cgi bin ls al drwxr xr x 2 root root 0 aug 24 1999 drwxr xr x 5 root root 0 nov 5 16 16 rwxr xr x 1 root root 757 aug 24 1999 test cgi root moxa home httpd cgi bin 35
Web service apache 35
Da 662a series software managing communications 36
Iptables 36
Da 662a series software managing communications 37
Da 662a series software managing communications 38
Define policy for chain rules 38
Examples 38
Iptables f iptables x iptables z 38
Iptables l n 38
Iptables p input drop iptables p output accept iptables p forward accept iptables t nat p prerouting accept iptables t nat p output accept iptables t nat p postrouting accept 38
Iptables t tables fxz 38
Iptables t tables l n 38
Iptables t tables p input output forward prerouting output postrouting accept drop 38
Observe and erase chain rules 38
Append or delete rules 39
Da 662a series software managing communications 39
Examples 39
Iptables a input i eth0 p all m mac mac source 01 02 03 04 05 06 j drop 39
Iptables a input i eth0 p tcp dport 21 j drop 39
Iptables a input i eth0 p tcp dport 25 j log 39
Iptables a input i eth0 p tcp s 192 68 24 j accept 39
Iptables a input i eth0 p tcp s 192 68 4 dport 137 139 j accept 39
Iptables a input i eth0 p tcp s 192 68 5 j drop 39
Iptables a input i eth0 p tcp s 192 68 j accept 39
Iptables a input i lo j accept 39
Iptables t table ai input output forward io interface p tcp udp icmp all s ip network sport ports d ip network dport ports j accept drop 39
Enabling nat at bootup 40
Nat example 40
Atdt5551212 41
Connect 41
Connect chat etc 41
Connection 41
Da 662a series software managing communications 41
Dial up service ppp 41
Example 1 connecting to a ppp server over a simple dial up 41
Ogin username word password 41
Pppd connect chat v atdt5551212 connect ogin username word password dev ttym0 115200 debug crtscts modem defaultroute 41
Pppd connect chat v atdt5551212 connect user username password password dev ttym0 115200 crtscts modem 41
Crtscts 42
Da 662a series software managing communications 42
Defaultroute 42
Example 2 connecting to a ppp server over a hard wired link 42
How to check the connection 42
Pppd connect chat v noipdefault dev ttym0 19200 crtscts 42
Pppd connect chat v user root password root noipdefault dev ttym0 19200 crtscts 42
Sbin ifconfig 42
Da 662a series software managing communications 43
Netstat nr 43
Ping z z z z 43
Pppd dev ttym0 115200 crtscts modem 192 68 6 192 68 6 43
Pppd dev ttym0 115200 crtscts modem 192 68 6 192 68 6 login auth 43
Setting up a machine for incoming ppp connections 43
68 27 putty 45
Da 662a series software managing communications 45
Name username hinet net mtu 1492 mru 1492 defaultroute noipdefault 45
Nameserver 168 5 nameserver 139 75 0 0 45
Nameserver ip_addr_of_first_dns_server nameserver ip_addr_of_second_dns_server 45
Nfs network file system 45
Pppd eth0 45
Pppd eth1 45
Da 662a series software managing communications 46
Example 46
Mkdir p home nfs public 46
Mount t nfs 192 68 00 home public home nfs public 46
Mount t nfs nfs_server ip directory mount point 46
Setting up the da 662a series as an nfs client 46
Step 2 46
Steps 1 46
Da 662a series software managing communications 47
Programmer s guide 48
Big endian to little endian 49
Da 662a series software programmer s guide 49
Notes on migrating your application from the da 660 662 to the da 662a series 49
Be careful when developing migrating programs 50
Char char e4 50
Conversion example 50
Da 662a series software programmer s guide 50
Long long d 50
Short short b 50
Short short c 50
Struct data_struct int a 50
The difference between big endian and little endian 50
Useful apis for converting big endian and little endian 50
Da 662a series software programmer s guide 51
Export path usr local arm linux 4 v4 bin path export manpath usr local arm linux 4 v4 man manpath 51
Linux tool chain introduction 51
Man arm none linux gnueabi gcc 51
Mount dev cdrom mnt cdrom sh mnt cdrom toolchain linux arm linux_x x x vx_build_yymmddhh sh 51
Obtaining help 51
Steps for migrating to the da 662a 51
Arm none linux gnueabi gcc o example wall g o2 example c arm none linux gnueabi strip s example arm none linux gnueabi gcc ggdb o example debug example c 52
Cross compiling applications and libraries 52
Da 662a series software programmer s guide 52
Device api 52
Int ioctl int d int request input int d open device node return file handle int request argument in or out 52
Man ioctl 52
Tools available in the host environment 52
Buzzer 53
Da 662a series software programmer s guide 53
Int ioctl fd rtc_rd_time struct rtc_time time 53
Int ioctl fd rtc_set_time struct rtc_time time 53
Rtc real time clock 53
Wdt watchdog timer 53
All arm none linux gnueabi gcc o xxxx xxxx c lmoxalib 54
Da 662a series software programmer s guide 54
Int swtd_disable int fd 54
Int swtd_enable int fd unsigned long time 54
Int swtd_get int fd int mode unsigned long time 54
Int swtd_open void 54
Da 662a series software programmer s guide 55
Fd swtd_open if fd 0 printf open swatchdog device fail n exit 1 swtd_enable fd 5000 enable it and set it 5 seconds while 1 do user application want to do swtd_ack fd swtd_close fd exit 0 55
Int main int argc char argv int fd 55
Int swtd_ack int fd 55
Int swtd_close int fd 55
Example for setting the baudrate 57
You must use 57
Baudrate inaccuracy 58
Da 662a series software programmer s guide 58
Example for getting the baudrate 58
Examples 58
Int ioctl fd ioctl_lcm_clean_line null 58
Int ioctl fd ioctl_lcm_cls null 58
Int ioctl fd ioctl_lcm_get_xy lcm_xy_t pos 58
Int ioctl fd ioctl_lcm_goto_xy lcm_xy_t pos 58
Int y raw value the arrange is 0 1 int y raw value the arrange is 0 1 58
Lcm_xy_t 58
Special note 58
Struct termios term int fd speed fd open dev ttym0 o_rdwr tcgetattr fd term if term c_cflag cbaud cbaudex b4000000 follow the standard termios baudrate define else ioctl fd moxa_get_special_baud_rate speed 58
Typedef struct lcm_xy int x col value the arrange is 0 15 58
All hello 59
Cc arm none linux gnueabi gcc cpp arm none linux gnueabi gcc sources hello c 59
Clean rm f objs hello core gdb 59
Da 662a series software programmer s guide 59
Example 59
Hello objs cc o ldflags libs 59
Int ioctl fd ioctl_keypad_get_key int key 59
Int ioctl fd ioctl_keypad_has_press int flag 59
Int ioctl fd ioctl_lcm_back_ligh_on null 59
Int ioctl fd ioctl_lcm_back_light_off null 59
Keypad 59
Make file example 59
Objs sources c o 59
Product s n 59
Root moxa cat proc driver serid tabc0123456789 59
Special note 59
Linux normal command utility collection 60
System commands 60
Da 662a series software system commands 61
Moxa special utilities 61
Network 61
Process 61
Screen 62
Using the push buttons to operate the lcd 62
Da 662a series software using the push buttons to operate the lcd screen 63

Moxa DA-662A-I-16-LX [22/63] Managing embedded linux

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