Transcend 4Gb/CF 133 [2/14] Flash card or usb flash drive capacity

COMMITTED T O MEMORY

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Its enduring commitment

to service and support

makes Kingston an easy

choice for Flash memory.

Flash Memory: Empowering A New Generation of Flash

Storage Devices

Toshiba invented Flash memory in the 1980s as a new memory technology that allowed

stored data to be saved even when the memory device was disconnected from its power

source. Since then, Flash memory technology has evolved into the preferred storage media

for a variety of consumer and industrial devices.

IN CONSUMER DEVICES, FLASH MEMORY IS WIDELY USED IN:

• Notebook computers • Personal computers

• Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) • Digital cameras

• Global Positioning Systems (GPS) • Cell phones

• Solid-state music players such as • Electronic musical instruments

MP3 players • Television set-top boxes

Flash memory is also used in many industrial applications where reliability and data retention

in power-o situations are key requirements, such as in:

• Security systems • Military systems

• Embedded computers • Solid-state disk drives

• Networking and communication products • Wireless communication devices

• Retail management products • Medical products

(e.g., handheld scanners)

Flash Card or USB Flash Drive Capacity

Some of a Flash storage device’s listed capacity is used for formatting and other functions

and thus is not available for data storage.

When a Flash storage device is manufactured, steps are taken to ensure that the device

operates reliably and to permit the host device (computer, digital camera, PDA, cell phone,

etc.) to access the memory cells — i.e., to store and retrieve data on the Flash storage device.

These steps — loosely called “formatting” — utilize some of the memory cells within the

device and thus reduce the capacity available for data storage by the end user.

Formatting includes the following operations:

1. Testing each memory cell in the Flash storage device.

2. Identifying all defective cells and taking steps to ensure that no data will be written

to or read from a defective cell.