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ISP: Internet Service Provider. An ISP is a business that provides connectivity to the Internet for

individuals and other businesses or organizations.

LAN: Local Area Network. A LAN is a group of computers and devices connected together in a

relatively small area (such as a house or an office). Your home network is considered a LAN.

MAC Address: MAC stands for Media Access Control. A MAC address is the hardware address

of a device connected to a network. The MAC address is a unique identifier for a device with an

Ethernet interface. It is comprised of two parts: 3 bytes of data that corresponds to the

Manufacturer ID (unique for each manufacturer), plus 3 bytes that are often used as the product’s

serial number.

NAT: Network Address Translation. This process allows all of the computers on your home

network to use one IP address. Using the broadband router’s NAT capability, you can access the

Internet from any computer on your home network without having to purchase more IP addresses

from your ISP.

Port: Network Clients (LAN PC) uses port numbers to distinguish one network

application/protocol over another. Below is a list of common applications and protocol/port

numbers:

Application Protocol Port Number

Telnet TCP 23

FTP TCP 21

SMTP TCP 25

POP3 TCP 110

H.323 TCP 1720

SNMP UCP 161

SNMP Trap UDP 162

HTTP TCP 80

PPTP TCP 1723

PC Anywhere TCP 5631

PC Anywhere UDP 5632

PPPoE: Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. Point-to-Point Protocol is a secure data

transmission method originally created for dial-up connections; PPPoE is for Ethernet

connections. PPPoE relies on two widely accepted standards, Ethernet and the Point-to-Point

Protocol. It is a communications protocol for transmitting information over Ethernet between

different manufacturers

Protocol: A protocol is a set of rules for interaction agreed upon between multiple parties so that

when they interface with each other based on such a protocol, the interpretation of their behavior

is well defined and can be made objectively, without confusion or misunderstanding.

Router: A router is an intelligent network device that forwards packets between different

networks based on network layer address information such as IP addresses.

Subnet Mask: A subnet mask, which may be a part of the TCP/IP information provided by your

ISP, is a set of four numbers (e.g. 255.255.255.0) configured like an IP address. It is used to