Tanita BC 418 MA [21/23] 0 0 1 8 0 0 1 6 0 0 1 4 0 0 1 2 0 0
![Tanita BC 418 MA [21/23] 0 0 1 8 0 0 1 6 0 0 1 4 0 0 1 2 0 0](/views2/1078205/page21/bg15.png)
2) Inter-day changes
The diagrams below offer examples of actual measurements made of inter-day changes. A study was done
to determine the degree of change in the impedance between the feet during dehydration; the first two days
represent a normal daily routine, while in the latter two days a state of dehydration was induced using a
sauna.
No significant inter-day change was measured in body
weight, impedance between the feet, or body fat percentage
during the normal daily routine. During the dehydrated
state, however, a drop in body weight of 1kg was noted,
with the impedance between the feet rising approximately
15Ω on the first day of dehydration and 30-35Ω on the
second day. As a result, body fat percentage was up by
around 1% on the first day of dehydration and by 1.5-2% on
the second day.
As mentioned earlier, impedance increases when body
weight is reduced (such as by dehydration), and decreases
when body weight is increased through excess
consumption of food and drink. The inter-day change in
impedance is thus inversely proportional to the change in
body weight.
These inter-day changes stem from such causes as:
1) Temporary increases in body weight (total body water)
through overeating and overdrinking
2) Dehydration due to heavy sweating during vigorous
exercise
3) Dehydration due to alcohol consumption or the use of
diuretics
4) Dehydration due to heavy sweating during saunas, etc.
Accordingly, it is recommended that instructions be
provided to the subject to help eliminate these causes when
accurate measurements are needed.
kg
Time
Intra-day fluctuations (Weight)
61
60.5
60
59.5
59
58.5
58
10:00 18:0016:0014:0012:00
+5/13(Monday) ◆5/14(Tuesday) ▲5/15(Wednesday) ×5/16(Thursday)
10:00 18:0016:0014:0012:00
Ω
Time
Intra-day fluctuations (Impedance value)
420
410
400
390
380
370
360
350
340
+5/13(Monday) ◆5/14(Tuesday) ▲5/15(Wednesday) ×5/16(Thursday)
%
Time
Intra-day fluctuations ( %FAT)
22
21
20
19
18
17
10:00 18:0016:0014:0012:00
+5/13(Monday) ◆5/14(Tuesday) ▲5/15(Wednesday) ×5/16(Thursday)
Inter-day changes in body fat percentage and
impedance measured by BIA between the feet
during normal daily routine and during
dehydration
40
THE APPLICABILITY OF THE BMR REGRESSION FORMULA AND
ITS DIFFERENCES WITH THE OLD FORMULA
The New Regression Formula for Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
It has long been said among medical and nutritional specialists that "The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is
more determined by the Fat Free Mass (FFM) than by the body weight" (Persons of a given body weight
with a higher FFM will have a higher BMR), and that from the aspect of evaluating the body composition,
should be estimated from the FFM. In addition, in cases of simple estimation formulae which can calculate
from the height, weight and age, without evaluating the body composition, there was a problem with
excessively high evaluations being given to obese persons with large body weight, and conversely
excessively small BMR evaluations given to muscular athletes, though these are not as many in number.
Currently, the BMR estimation recursion formula developed by Tanita, the manufacturer of body
composition analyzers, based on their research, works by multiple regressive analysis using this FFM, and
has a higher degree of accuracy in the individual differences in body composition. In order to derive the
BMR, resting respiratory metabolism (Resting Energy Expenditure: REE) was measured using a breath gas
analysis device, and this estimation recursion formula was created based on this data.
<Figure 1> The Relationship Between Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) According
to Breath Gas Analysis and Weight, FFM
(Presented at Nutrition Week, Held in San Diego in 2002)
FFM vs REE
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
10 30 50
FFM kg
JP Male
REE(→BMR) kcal/day from breath
JP Female US Male
US Female
Female
Male
70 90
0
Weight vs REE
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
30 50 70
Weght kg
JP Male
REE(→BMR) kcal/day from breath
JP Female US Male
US Female
Female
Male
90 110 130
0
41
Содержание
- Body composition analyzer bc 418 1
- Instruction manual 1
- Advantages 2
- Table of contents 2
- Caution 3
- General instructions for accurate measurement 3
- Maintenance 3
- Safety notes 3
- Ac adapter 4
- Accessories 4
- Control box 4
- Digital display 4
- Platform 4
- Please verify that the following components are in the package 4
- Product assembly and components 4
- Product structure 4
- Rear view of control box 4
- Assembly instructions 5
- Digital display 5
- Membrane switch 5
- Caution 6
- Connection and installation 6
- Loading the printer paper roll 6
- Preparation for use 6
- Warning 6
- But natural electric discharge of the rechargeable battery 7
- If no changes are to be made press the key again 7
- If you make an error while inputting a number press the 7
- May occur if the device is not in use for an extended period 7
- Mode selection 7
- More than 2 weeks this will clear the settings making it 7
- Necessary to reset the date and time 7
- Setting date and time 7
- Setting the date and time 7
- Setting the number of printouts the printout language and the printout items 7
- The clock function is backed up by the rechargeable battery 7
- This will return you to the previous input space 7
- Time set 7
- After the input is completed the display will automatically change to the measurement display 8
- Setting the original mode 8
- Athletic 9
- For this printing selection please refer to the page 13 for this goal setter mode please refer to the page 14 9
- Goal setter mode print out 9
- Printing selection 9
- Standard 9
- Target bf 00 9
- The measurement data for each body part the predicted muscle mass the fat mass and the body fat percentage are printed out in this portion 9
- This section calculates the amount of fat that should be lost or gained to achieve the target bf preset by the user and health care professional 9
- This section prints the both the body type and body composition data of the current user 9
- Body composition analysis 10
- Operating instructions 10
- See page 8 for tanita s definition of athlete 10
- Step on 10
- After turning on the unit press the key 11
- Finish measurement 11
- If the printer is on the measurement results will be printed out 11
- Measure the impedance 11
- Measurement after five full cycles the measurement will be complete 11
- Measurement is completed 11
- Select the number of the desired body part on the ten key pad 11
- Taking measurement 11
- The marks will disappear one by one during the 11
- Weight measurement 11
- Weight only function 11
- When measuring is complete press the key to turn off the power 11
- When you continue to measure 11
- With regard to the measurement result please refer to p 22 11
- As reported by gallagher et al at ny obesity research center to determine the percentage of body fat that s appropriate for your body consuit your physician 12
- Based on nih who bmi guidelines 12
- Bmi body mass index is a height to weight ratio and is calculated by the following formula 12
- Bmr basal metabolic rate represents the total energy expended by the body to maintain normal functions at rest such as respiration and circulation 12
- Body fat ranges for standard adults 12
- Explanation of the print out 12
- Fat mass total weight of fat mass in kg lb in the body fat the percentage of total body weight that is fat 12
- Fat to lose gain calculated fat mass to lose or gain to achieve the predicted weight 12
- Ffm fat free mass is comprised of muscle bone tissue water and all other fat free mass in the body 12
- Impedance impedance reflects the bod 12
- Pfm predicted fat mass caluculated fat mass for the given target bf 12
- Pms predicted muscle mass means bone free lean tissue mass ltm 12
- Pw predicted weight calculated weight for the given target bf 12
- S e p 2 0 0 2 1 9 2 9 12
- S inherent resistance to an electrical current muscle acts as a conductor of the electrical current adipose tissue acts as a resistor 12
- Sample 12
- Tbw total body water is the amount of water expressed as lb kg or st lb retained in the body tbw is said to comprise between 50 70 of total body weight generally men tend to have higher water weight than women due to a greater amount of muscle 12
- Weight kg height m2 desirable range 18 24 12
- Caution 13
- Clearing paper jams 13
- Components of the printer unit 13
- Caution 14
- R x d 3 t x d 4 5 g nd 14
- R x d t x d 14
- Rs 232c interface instructions 14
- Troubleshooting 14
- Caution 15
- Output data format 15
- Output data items 15
- Transmission data 15
- Control commands 16
- Error codes 16
- Output fat monitor mode format 16
- Press 0 8 16
- Press to confirm 16
- Push the key 16
- Remote mode 16
- Switch remote mode on and off by pressing 1 or 0 16
- Switching to remote mode 16
- When the unit is switched off press the and keys simultaneously 16
- Choose the units of measurement 17
- Confirm settings 17
- Example of use 17
- Set age 17
- Set body type 17
- Set gender 17
- Set height 17
- Set tare weight 17
- Set target bf 17
- Switch on body composition analyzer 17
- Cancel 18
- Cancel measurement 18
- During measurement 18
- Measurement finished 18
- Reset settings 18
- Resetting 18
- Start measurement 18
- Body impedance measurement methods 19
- Introduction 19
- Principles of body composition measurement via 8 electrode bia 19
- Reliability of body composition analysis via 8 electrode bia 19
- Reliability of body composition measurements with an 8 electrode bia 19
- Technical notes 19
- Causes of errors in impedance measurements 20
- Intra day fluctuations cyclic activity within a single day 20
- 0 0 1 8 0 0 1 6 0 0 1 4 0 0 1 2 0 0 21
- 1 0 0 0 1 8 0 0 1 6 0 0 1 4 0 0 1 2 0 0 21
- Ffm vs r e e 21
- Inter day changes 21
- The applicability of the bmr regression formula and its differences with the old formula 21
- The new regression formula for basal metabolic rate bmr 21
- Weig ht vs r e e 21
- As shown in figure 1 the ree bmr has a stronger relationship to the ffm than to body weight and a difference is visible between males and females in the distribution trends we see that in principle that we should calculate from the ffm rather than by the old formula centered on the relationship with weight 22
- Comparison of bmr values from the tanita multiple regression model and breath analysis presented at nutrition week held in san diego in 2002 22
- Note this model has been calibrated for those between ages of 18 84 those individuals outside of this age range may not be obtain accurate readings 22
- Product specifications 22
- The current bmr retrogression formula is a formula which acts on the principle of using the ffm value from the results of body composition measurement according to the bia a good relationship is shown in the bmr value based on actual breath analysis ree or r 0 p 0 001 these results were presented at the first annual nutrition week american college of nutrition american society for clinical nutrition american society for parenteral and enteral nutrition north american association for the study of obesity held in 2002 in san diego 22
- 2 1 chome maeno cho itabashi ku tokyo japan tel 03 3968 2123 03 3968 7048 fax 03 3967 3766 23
- Dresdener strasse 25 d 71065 sindelfingen germany tel 07031 6189 6 fax 07031 6189 71 23
- This device features radio interference suppression in compliance with valid ec regulation 89 336 eec 23
- Unit 301 303 3 f wing on plaza 62 mody road tsimshatsui east kowloon hong kong tel 852 2838 7111 fax 852 2838 8667 23
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