Suzuki GS500E (1989-1997) [213/221] Technical terms explained

Suzuki GS500E (1989-1997) [213/221] Technical terms explained
REF-26 Technical Terms Explained
Pulse secondery air injection system A
process of promoting the burning of excess fuel
preS8f1t in the exhaust gases by routing fresh air
into the exhaust ports.
Lepping see Grinding.
LCD Abbreviation for Uquid Crystal ~.
LED Abbreviation for Ught Emitting Diode.
~er A steel cylinder liner inserted in a
wminium alloy cylinder block.
Loctmut A nut used to lock an adjustment nut.
or other threaded component. in place.
Lock8tops The lugs on the lower triple clamp
(yoke) which abut thoee on the frame. preventing
handiebar-to-fuel tank contact.
LockwHher A form of washer designed to
prevent an attaching nut from working 10088.
LT Low Ten.on Description of the electrical
circuit from the power supply to the primary
winding of the igniticx1 coil.
M
Main bearings The bearings between the
crankshaft and crankcase.
Malnt.n8n~-free (MF) battery A sealed
battery which cannot be topped up.
Manometer Mercury-filled calibrated tubes
used to measure intake tract vacuum. Used to
synchronise carburettors on multi-cylinder
engines.
Micrometer A precision measuring instrument
that measures component outside diameters
(- Illustration).
Tappet shims are measured with a
micrometer
MON (Motor Octane Number) A measure of a
fuel's resistance to knock.
Monogr8de 011 An oil with a single viscosity, eg
SAESOW.
Monoehock A single suspension unit linking the
swingarrn or suspension linkage to the frame.
. Abbreviation for miles per hour.
MWtIWade 01 Having a wide viscosity range (eg
10W40). The W stands for Winter. thus the
viscosity ranges from SAE10 when cold to
SAE40 when hot.
M~meter An electrical test instrlment with the
capability to measure voltage, current and
resistance. Some meters also incorporate a
continuity tester and buzzer.
N
Needle roller b88ring Inner race of caged
needle rollers and hardened outer race.
Examples of Uncaged needle rollers can be found
on some engines. Commonly used in rear
suspension applications and in two-stroke
engines.
Nm Newton metres.
NOx Oxides of Nitrogen. A common toxic
pollutant emitted by petrol engines at higher
temperatures.
0
Oct8ne The measure of a fue!'s resistance to
knock.
OE (Original Equipment) Relates to
components fitted to a motorcycle as standard
or replacement parts supplied by the motorcycle
manufacturer.
Ohm The unit of electrical resistance. Ohms =
Volts + Current.
Ohmmeter An instrument for measuring
electrical resistance.
Oil cooler System for diverting engine oil
outside of the engine to a radistor for cooling
purposes.
011 Injection A system of two-stroke engine
lubrication where oi! is ~mp-fed to the engine In
accordance with throttle position.
0pen-cIrcuIt An electrical ~ltton where there
is a break in the flow of electricity - no continuity
(high resistance).
O-ring A type of sealing ring made of a special
rubber-like material; in use, the O-ring is
compressed into a groove to provide the
Oversize (OS) Term used for piston and ring
size options fitted to a rebored cytlnd«.
Overhead CaIn (sohc) e"91ne An engine with
single camshaft located on top of the cylinder
head.
Overhead valve (ohv) engine An engine with
the valves located in the cylinder head. but with
the camshaft located in the engine block or
crankcase.
Oxygen ~ A device Installed In the exhaust
system which senSM the oxygen cont~t in the
exhaust and converts this information into an
electric cwrent. Also called a Lambda sensor.
Q
Quartz halogen bulb Tungsten filament
surrounded by a halogen gas. Typically used for
the headlight (see illuatr8tlon).
R
Rack-8nd-pinion A pinion 988' on the end of a
shaft that mates with a rack (think of a geared
wheel opened up and laid flat). SometImes used
in clutch operating systems.
Radial play Up and down movement about a
shaft.
Radial ply ~ Tyre pM.. nm across the tyre
(from bead to bead) and around the
circumference of the tyre. Less resistant to tread
distortion than other tyre types.
Radiator A liquid-to-air heat transfer device
designed to reduce the temperature of the
coolant in a liquid cooled engine.
Rake A feature of steering geometry - the angle
of the steering head in relation to the vertical (lee
III~).
p
PI8.~.uge A thin strip of plastic thread,
available in different sizes, used for measuring
clearances. For example, a strip of Plastigauge is
laid across a bearing journal. The parts are
assembled and dismantled; the width of the
crushed strip indicates the clearance between
joumal and bearing.
POl8rity Either negative or positive earth
(ground), determined by which battery lead is
connected to the frame (earth return). Modem
motorcycles are usually negative earth.
Pre-ignition A situation where the fuel/air
mixture ignites before the spark plug fires. Often
due to a hot spot In the combustion chamber
caused by carbon build-up. Engine has a
tendency to 'run-on'.
Pre-1o8d (8U8pen8ion) The amount a spring is
compressed when in the unloaded state. PreIo8d
can be applied by gas. spacer or mechanical
adjuster.
Premix The method of engine lubrication, on
older two-stroke engines. Engine oil is mixed
with the petrol in the fuel tank in a specific ratio.
The fuel/oil mix is sometimes referred to as
"petroll".
Prlmery dI1V8 Description of the drive from the
crankshaft to the clutch. Usually by gear or chain.
PS PfedestArke - a German interpretation of
BHP.
PSI Pounds-force per square Inch. Imperial
measurement of tyre pressure and cylinder
pressure measurement.
PTFE Polytetrafluroethylene. A low friction
substance.

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